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Now time to revise...
REMEMBER > All the auxiliary verbs except be, do and have are called modals. Unlike other auxiliary verbs modals only exist in their helping form; they cannot act alone as the main verb in a sentence.
Now time to revise...
REMEMBER > All the auxiliary verbs except be, do and have are called modals. Unlike other auxiliary verbs modals only exist in their helping form; they cannot act alone as the main verb in a sentence.
Be, do, and have also differ from the other auxiliaries in that they can also serve as ordinary verbs in a given sentence.
The modal auxiliary verbs are always followed by the base form.
The modal verbs are:-
Remember HAVE TO and BE ABLE TO are NOT modal verbs, but are used to express obligation and ability in English
Modal
|
Example
|
Uses
|
Can’t
|
We can work it out.
He can’t fix the pipe.
Can I smoke here?
He can’t be on holiday.
|
Ability / Possibility
Inability / Impossibility
Asking for permission
Deduction
|
Could/
couln’t
|
Could I borrow your dictionary?
Could you say it again more slowly?
He could swim when he was 4.
|
Asking for permission.
Request
Ability in the past
|
Sam won’t be able to come.
Have you ever been able to play tennis?
I’d love to be able to fly.
|
Ability/possiblity
in other tenses | |
|
She might be outside.
|
Deduction
|
Mustn’t
|
We must go now.
They mustn’t play ball games there.
She must be in her late twenties.
|
Necessity / Obligation
Prohibition
Deduction
|
|
Shall I help you with your luggage?
|
Offer
|
We should solve this problem at once.
I think we should revise everything again.
You shouldn't eat here. |
Saying what’s right or correct
Recommending action
Advice | |
You have to drive on the left in
She has to wear a uniform at work.
Does Peter have to get up early on Saturdays?
You don’t have to pay for this
She doesn’t have to work on Friday afternoons.
|
‘External’ obligation
Not necessary
|
Adapted from: http://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/verbmodal.htm
PRACTICE (Click on the activities)
Activity 1
Activity 2
Activity 3